COMPARATIVE ANALYSIS OF THE IMPACT OF SINGLE WINDOW IMPLEMENTATION ON TRADE EFFICIENCY: A CASE STUDY OF THE PORT OF LOMÉ AND MAJOR NIGERIAN SEAPORTS

Abstract

The implementation of Single Window Systems in port operations aims to enhance port efficiency by streamlining customs procedures, reducing clearance time, and minimizing trade barriers. This study conducted a comprehensive analysis of the impact of single window implementation at the port of Lomé and major Nigerian seaports focusing on trade facilitation, cargo throughput and port competitiveness, with specific objectives, to assess the impact of single window implementation on cargo clearance time and overall port efficiency at the port of Lomé and major Nigerian seaports, and to compare the effectiveness of Togo’s Single Window policy and Nigeria’s National Single Window in enhancing port competitiveness. The findings reveal that the port of Lomé with a fully operational and integrated single window, demonstrate higher efficiency in cargo handling and custom clearance, contributing to its rising role as a regional transhipment hub. Conversely, Nigerian seaports, despite implementing the National Single Window, continue to experience bureaucratic delays, infrastructural bottleneck, and policy inconsistencies, limiting its full potential. The study highlighted best practices from Togo’s model that could enhance Nigerian port efficiency. The efficiency provide policy recommendation for optimizing trade facilitation through improved digital integration, inter-agency collaboration, and regulatory reforms in Nigeria’s ports system. This research contributes to the discourse on trade competitiveness in West Africa and offers insights for policy makers and port stakeholders seeking to maximize the benefits of Single Window Systems.